Value date
The date from which money counts as deposited or withdrawn for interest purposes, whenever the entry actually shows up on the account.
Every line on a bank statement carries two dates. The booking date says when the bank recorded the entry; the value date says when the amount starts or stops earning interest and can be used. In an MT103 the value date sits in field :32A: alongside currency and amount, while camt.053 has separate BookgDt and ValDt elements. In foreign exchange the word means the delivery date: a spot trade has a value date two business days after it is struck.
The gap between the two dates was a quiet revenue stream for a long time. A bank could book a deposit today, value it the day after tomorrow and lend the money out for free in between. The EU's first Payment Services Directive in 2007 ended that inside the union: the payee's value date may be no later than the day the funds reach the payee's bank.