Oxblood Ruffin
Canadian cDc member who recast hacktivism as a programme for free information rather than a weapon.
The pseudonym belongs to Laird Brown, who became Cult of the Dead Cow's self-styled "foreign minister" in the mid-1990s. In 1999 he founded Hacktivismo, an offshoot meant to build tools for people living under state censorship, and in 2001 published the Hacktivismo Declaration, modelled on the UN's Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Its most tangible product was Camera/Shy (2002), which hid text inside images on web pages using steganography. Ruffin has long argued that denial-of-service attacks are not hacktivism because they silence someone too — a stance that made him an early, and not very popular, critic of Anonymous.