Hardware RAID
Dedicated RAID-controller-kort (LSI MegaRAID, Dell PERC, HPE Smart Array) hanterar RAID-operationer offload from CPU. BBU eller superkondensator för safe write-back-cache. Standard i traditional enterprise-servers.
Trade-off vs software RAID: hardware lock-in (controller-failure = data-stuck until samma controller modell), expensive ($500-2000 per controller), bra performance via offload + cache. ZFS användare avskyr — ZFS-checksums kräver direkt disk-access (IT-mode HBA). Modern trend: software RAID (mdadm, ZFS, Btrfs) tar över för flexibility + cost. Hardware-RAID lives on i traditional storage-arrays + lock-in-environments. NVMe-era: HW-RAID-controllers blir bottleneck — NVMe-throughput > controller-throughput.