Turborepo
Monorepo build orchestrator for JavaScript/TypeScript — Jared Palmer, 2021. Acquired by Vercel in December 2021.
Core: turbo.json with pipeline definition + remote cache. Differs from Nx with a simpler model and more JS-specific focus. Rewritten in Rust (2023) for speed. Integrates with pnpm/Yarn/npm workspaces.
Competitor: Nx (more features, broader ecosystem), Bazel (more hermetic), Lerna (deprecated). Turborepo wins in Vercel-heavy setups and small-to-medium monorepos.