Turbopack
Vercel's Rust-based successor to webpack — Tobias Koppers (the webpack creator, employed by Vercel), 2022. Incremental computation architecture: only changed bytes are recomputed.
Built primarily for Next.js (dev server stable in 14+, build stable in 15+). Uses the Turbo Engine (same core as Turborepo) for the cache graph. Marketed as "10× faster than Vite" but benchmarks are often disputed.
Sweet spot: Next.js projects. For other frameworks Rspack or Vite is typically a better fit since Turbopack is tightly bound to Next.