Prepaid card
A payment card that can only spend money already loaded onto it, with no bank account or credit line behind it.
In the EU the balance is usually electronic money, issued by an e-money institution rather than a bank. The card runs on the same Visa and Mastercard rails as any other, but the issuer does no credit check and the customer needs no account. That has long made prepaid cards the entry point for the unbanked, for teenagers, and for employers paying staff who lack an account; in the US these are called payroll cards. A shopping-mall gift card is the same thing with a narrower scope.
What makes the card convenient also makes it attractive for laundering. An anonymous card that can be loaded with cash and carried across a border is a tidy way to move money. The EU's Fifth Anti-Money Laundering Directive of 2018 therefore cut the limit for anonymous cards to €150, and to €50 for online use.