Overclocking
Running a processor, graphics card or memory faster than the manufacturer specified. It almost always requires more voltage, which produces more heat and shortens lifespan.
The outcome is decided by the silicon lottery — two samples of the same model tolerate different amounts, since manufacturing varies and the rating is set at the lowest qualified level. Stability must be verified with hours-long stress tests; a system that boots is not a system that works, and silent computational errors are worse than a crash. The big shift is that modern processors already do this themselves: Turbo Boost and Precision Boost push frequency as far as temperature and power delivery allow, leaving little manual headroom. So interest has moved to memory profiles, graphics cards and to undervolting — lower voltage at the same frequency for cooler, quieter operation.