Claudio Guarnieri
Italian security researcher who built Cuckoo Sandbox and later the tools that found spyware on journalists' phones.
Cuckoo Sandbox started around 2010 as a Honeynet Project effort and became the most widely used open-source tool for automated malware analysis: run the sample in an isolated sandbox, log everything it does. Guarnieri was its principal architect.
He then turned to commercial spyware aimed at activists. As head of Amnesty International's Security Lab he released the Mobile Verification Toolkit in 2021, which searches iPhone and Android backups for traces of NSO Group's Pegasus. It provided the technical backbone of that year's Pegasus Project.